Water, From Sufficiency to Scarcity

II. The Dams Debate - Case Study : The Aswan Dam

Aswan Dam

Some of the Hydroelectric Generators at Aswan High Dam. ©Michael Barron

 

 

 

Questions

 

1. What is a dam ?

2. Read the fact file about the Nile and look at the map to answer the following questions :

a. Where are the sources of the Nile and which countries does the Nile flow through ?
b. What is the length of the Nile ?

3. Where is the Aswan Dam located in Egypt (see the general map of Egypt) ?

4. What is particular about the geography of Egypt ?

- satellite image (also, have a look at this picture)

- climate (see this map and the average temperatures and number of rain days on this page - scroll down to find Aswan. You can also read the paragraph about climate here.)

- population density

5. What made Herodotus write (in 440 BC) that Egypt was the “Gift of the Nile” (scroll down the page to find the relevant paragraph) ?

6. Read this page or this page : What prompted the decision to build the Aswan High Dam ? When was it built ? What was the main consequence of the building of the dam ?

7. Using what you have just read and this article from the Cairo Times, fill out a table like this :

Positive aspects of the dam
Negative aspects of the dam

- first

- second... etc

 

 

8. Assign a positive or a negative value to each item, on a scale from 5 (high benefit) to - 5 (high cost), and try to make a cost-benefit calculation : is your total negative or positive ? In your opinion, has the Aswan Dam been more beneficial or detrimental to Egypt and its people ?